Monday, October 19, 2020

What if?: Four 16-Team Superconferences

When I did my original college football realignment scenario two years ago, I noted the possibility that the ACC, Big Ten, Pac-12 and SEC could all expand to 16 teams, and that the Big 12 could cease to exist as a result. I thought today that it would be a good idea to explore what this could exactly look like, under a scenario where the Power conferences break off and form their own division separate from FBS (as has been discussed very recently).

The obvious approach would be to simply divide up the current Big 12 teams between the other four conferences. Let's see how that might play out:

West Virginia to ACC

West Virginia is the obvious choice to get the ACC to 16 schools (assuming we count Notre Dame as the 15th school). It's the only Big 12 school within ACC territory. It also is a former Big East school, like 6 current ACC members (Boston College, Syracuse, Pitt, Virginia Tech, Miami and Louisville).

Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State to Big Ten

Iowa State is an obvious choice, as it's within the Big Ten's current footprint and has an in-state rivalry with Iowa. Kansas and Kansas State are less obvious, but are the schools that would allow the Big Ten to remain contiguous. Adding three schools would bring the Big Ten to 17 schools, but we can expel Rutgers (easily the weakest Power 5 program) to bring it down to 16.

Oklahoma, Texas to SEC

This is the big one. The SEC is arguably the preeminent conference in college football, and Oklahoma and Texas are the two preeminent programs in the Big 12, so this seems like the natural landing spot for them. Their rivlarly would remain a conference game, while Texas would be reunited with Texas A&M.

Oklahoma State, Baylor, TCU, Texas Tech to Pac-12

The Pac-12 basically gets the leftovers here. However, there is some coherence; the conference would still be contiguous, after all. Oklahoma State and Baylor used to play with Colorado in the Big 12. TCU and Utah played together in the Mountain West Conference for a few years. Finally, Texas Tech played in the Border Conference with Arizona and Arizona State way back in the day. At the very least, we're able to keep the TCU-Baylor rivalry together.

Now, we could stop here. But what if we also shifted some programs within this new Power 4 alignment too?:

Maryland, Penn State to ACC

Maryland was a founding ACC member, and fits better in the ACC geographically than the Big Ten. Penn State also fits better here, and has a number of potential rivalry games (Pittsburgh, Syracuse, and now West Virginia and Maryland)

Notre Dame, Missouri to Big Ten

Replacing Penn State and Maryland in the Big Ten are Notre Dame and Missouri. Although Notre Dame is playing in the ACC this season, from a rivalry and geography perspective the Big Ten makes more sense. Notre Dame is in-state with Big Ten schools Indiana and Purdue, and has significant rivalries with both Michigan and Michigan State. Meanwhile, Missouri fits better in this version of the Big Ten than in the SEC, especially since it would be rejoined with four former Big Eight foes.

Louisville to SEC

Louisville is the only permanent ACC member not located in an East Coast state. Joining the SEC, where in-state rival Kentucky plays, would make more sense.

Let's take a look at what our new conferences would look like:

ACC
North Division: Boston College, Syracuse, Pittsburgh, Penn State, West Virginia, Maryland, Virginia, Virginia Tech
South Division: UNC, NC State, Duke, Wake Forest, Clemson, Georgia Tech, Florida State, Miami

The ACC would be restored to consisting entirely of teams on the East Coast. We could also get rid of the ridiculous Atlantic/Coastal divisional alignment. The North division has an old school Big East flavor to it, with five founding Big East members there plus newcomer Penn State and core ACC schools Maryland and Virginia. The South reunites the four Tobacco Road schools in the same division. Also reunited in the same division are Clemson-Georgia Tech and Florida State-Miami.

SEC
East Division: Alabama, Auburn, Tennessee, Kentucky, Louisville, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida
West Division: Oklahoma, Texas, Texas A&M, Arkansas, LSU, Ole Miss, Mississippi State, Vanderbilt

The arrival of newcomers Oklahoma and Texas in the West pushes Alabama and Auburn to the East. We put Louisville in the East with in-state rival Kentucky. Vanderbilt is split from Tennessee and pushed to the West to keep the Alabama-Auburn pairing together. Texas rejoins old SWC rivals Texas A&M and Arkansas in the West. Both divisions are pretty stacked, with the East being perhaps a bit deeper.

Big 16
East Division: Ohio State, Michigan, Michigan State, Notre Dame, Indiana, Purdue, Illinois, Northwestern.
West Division: Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Iowa State, Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, Kansas State

The East is stacked with blue blood programs in the newly christened "Big 16", with Notre Dame replacing Penn State. Indiana and Purdue are no longer split between divisions, while Illinois and Northwestern also join the East to accommodate the newcomers out West. The West is now dominated by five former Big Eight schools, along with the Wisconsin-Minnesota-Iowa triumvirate.

Pac-16
East Division: Arizona, Arizona State, Utah, Colorado, Oklahoma State, Baylor, TCU, Texas Tech
West Division: Washington, Washington State, Oregon, Oregon State, California, Stanford, UCLA, USC

This is basically an old school/new school split. The West consists of the original PCC/Pac-8 schools, while the East would include the schools to have joined since 1978.

In terms of scheduling, each team would play all seven of their divisional opponents every year, plus two cross-divisional games (which would rotate on a four-year schedule), for nine total conference games. They would also play three non-conference games, for twelve total regular season games.

The two divisional champions from each conference would play in a conference championship game. The winners of the four conference championships would receive automatic berths to the Rose or Sugar Bowls, which would serve as national semifinal games. Thus, you would have a de facto 8-team playoff.

As for the rest of the postseason bowls, we would match up each conference against each of the other three conferences twice, for six total bowl bids per conference. The bowl match-ups would be as follows:

National Championship: Rose Bowl champion vs. Sugar Bowl champion

Rose Bowl (Pasadena, CA): Pac-16 #1 vs Big 16 #1
Sugar Bowl (New Orleans, LA): SEC #1 vs. ACC #1

Orange Bowl (Miami Gardens, FL): ACC #2 vs. Big 16 #2
Cotton Bowl (Arlington, TX): SEC #2 vs. Pac-16 #2

Citrus Bowl (Orlando, FL): SEC #3 vs Big 16 #3
Fiesta Bowl Glendale, AZ): Pac-16 #3 vs. ACC #3

Holiday Bowl (San Diego, CA): Pac-16 #4 vs. Big 16 #4
Peach Bowl (Atlanta, GA): SEC #4 vs. ACC #4

Gator Bowl (Jacksonville, FL): ACC #5 vs. Big 16 #5
Alamo Bowl (San Antonio, TX): SEC #5 vs. Pac-16 #5

Hall of Fame Bowl (Tampa, FL): SEC #6 vs. Big 16 #6
Sun Bowl (El Paso, TX): Pac-16 vs #6 vs. ACC #6

BCS-Plus: A College Football Postseason Reform Alternative

The College Football Playoff replaced the much-maligned BCS system for organizing college football's postseason in 2014, and it seems that there is no going back. Most discussions about reforming this system focus on expanding the playoff from four to eight schools. The common proposal here is to guarantee bids for each Power 5 conference champion, the highest ranked Group of 5 school, and two at-large schools.

However, I recently started thinking about what the college football postseason might look like if the BCS system still existed in some form, with reforms. What I came up with consisted of three core changes from the BCS system:

1. The moving of the #1 vs #2 national championship game to after the bowl games.

2. The expansion of the BCS from 4 to 8 bowl games.

3. The replacement of the BCS poll with a committee ranking, similar to the current CFP approach.

On the first point, it's worth noting that the main goal of the BCS (like the Bowl Coalition and Bowl Alliance before it) was to produce a #1 vs #2 national championship game. Originally this was done in one of the bowl games themselves (Rose, Orange, Sugar or Fiesta), and later was made into its own game separate from the bowls. But what if this match-up was a plus-one game that took place after the bowls? This would allow the bowl games to be used to determine who the #1 vs #2 match-up should be, as the rankings could be redone one final time after the bowls. This is similar to the CFP approach, but would mean that theoretically any two teams could be selected for the national championship, not just the four teams who play the semifinal bowls. This would give each Power 5 conference champ a shot at the title, along with Group of 5 teams, without necessarily having an eight-team playoff. Additionally, more bowl games would be relevant to the national title conversation in any given season, at least three if not four or more.

Expanding from 4 to 8 bowl games would increase the overall number of high-quality bowl match-ups, especially when at-large berths are in play. In addition to the four original BCS bowls, we could see the Peach and Fiesta bowls (which are part of the CFP's New Year's Six), the Citrus Bowl in Orlando (which was considered as a potential BCS bowl), and the Holiday Bowl in San Diego (which was a finalist for being a CFP bowl site). Under this proposal, we would guarantee bids for the five Power 5 conference champions, the next highest ranked team from each Power 5 conference, a Group of 5 school, and five at-large bids. The selection process would be as follows:

1. Power 5 conference champions are assigned to designated bowl games (Big Ten/Pac-12 to Rose, ACC to Orange, SEC/Big 12 to Sugar)

2. Next highest ranked team receives the at-large bid to the Orange Bowl.

3. Next highest ranked team from each Power 5 conference is assigned to their designated bowl game (Big Ten/SEC to Citrus, ACC to Peach, Big 12 to Cotton, Pac-12 to Holiday).

4. Highest ranked (remaining) Group of 5 school is assigned to Fiesta Bowl.

5. Bowl games with unfilled at-large bids (Peach, Cotton, Holiday, Fiesta) are assigned order of selection based on the ranking of their auto-bid team.

6. At-large bids are assigned, based on rankings, down the order of selection, avoiding match-ups of teams from same conference/regular season rematches as needed.

Compared to the current New Year's Six Bowls, this would produce more top-10 and top-16 bowl match-ups. Here are the possible scenarios during the CFP era, using the actual conference champions and CFP rankings:

2014
Rose: #2 Oregon vs #4 Ohio State
Sugar: #1 Alabama vs #5 Baylor
Orange: #3 Florida State vs #6 TCU
Citrus: #7 Miss. St. vs #8 Michigan State
Holiday: #10 Arizona vs #9 Ole Miss
Cotton: #11 Kansas State vs #13 Georgia
Peach: #12 Georgia Tech vs #14 UCLA
Fiesta: #20 Boise St. vs #15 Arizona St.

2015
Rose: #6 Stanford vs #3 Michigan State
Sugar: #2 Alabama vs #4 Oklahoma
Orange: #1 Clemson vs #5 Iowa
Citrus: #12 Ole Miss vs #7 Ohio State
Peach: #9 Florida State vs #8 Notre Dame
Cotton: #11 TCU vs #10 UNC
Holiday: #15 Oregon vs #13 Northwestern
Fiesta: #18 Houston vs #14 Michigan

2016

Rose: #4 Washington vs #5 Penn State
Sugar: #1 Alabama vs #7 Oklahoma
Orange: #2 Clemson vs #3 Ohio State
Citrus: #14 Auburn vs #6 Michigan
Holiday: #9 USC vs #8 Wisconsin
Peach: #11 Florida State vs #10 Colorado
Cotton: #12 Okla. St. vs #13 Louisville
Fiesta: #15 W. Michigan vs #16 West Virginia

2017
Rose: #8 USC vs #5 Ohio State
Sugar: #3 Georgia vs #2 Oklahoma
Orange: #1 Clemson vs #4 Alabama
Citrus: #7 Auburn vs #6 Wisconsin
Peach: #10 Miami vs #9 Penn State
Holiday: #11 Wash. vs #14 Notre Dame
Fiesta: #12 UCF vs #13 Stanford
Cotton: #15 TCU vs #16 Michigan State

2018

Rose: #9 Washington vs #6 Ohio State
Sugar: #1 Alabama vs #4 Oklahoma
Orange: #2 Clemson vs #3 Notre Dame
Citrus: #5 Georgia vs #7 Michigan
Fiesta: #8 UCF vs #10 Florida
Holiday: #13 Wash. St. vs #11 LSU
Cotton: #15 Texas vs #12 Penn State
Peach: #20 Syracuse vs #14 Kentucky

2019
Rose: #6 Oregon vs #2 Ohio State
Sugar: #1 LSU vs #4 Oklahoma
Orange: #3 Clemson vs #5 Georgia
Citrus: #9 Florida vs #8 Wisconsin
Cotton: #7 Baylor vs #10 Penn State
Holiday: #11 Utah vs #12 Auburn
Fiesta: #17 Memphis vs #13 Alabama
Peach: #24 Virginia vs #14 Michigan

This system can also be applied retroactively to the BCS era itself. Because of the existence of the Big East, that conference would get the auto-bid to the Orange Bowl in place of the at-large berth, and their second team would go the Gator Bowl, which would serve as the ninth BCS bowl. Thus, the selection process would have been as follows:

1. Conference champions from AQ conferences are assigned to designated bowl games (Big Ten/Pac-10 to Rose, Big East/ACC to Orange, SEC/Big 12 to Sugar)

2. Highest ranked non-champion from each AQ conference is assigned to their designated bowl game (Big Ten/SEC to Citrus, ACC to Peach, Big 12 to Cotton, Big East to Gator, Pac-10 to Holiday).

3. Highest ranked non-AQ school is assigned to Fiesta Bowl.

4. Bowl games with at-large bids (Peach, Cotton, Gator, Holiday, Fiesta) are assigned order of selection based on the ranking of their auto-bid team.

5. At-large bids are assigned, based on rankings, down the order of selection, avoiding match-ups of teams from same conference/regular season rematches as needed.

Compared to the CFP era, using this system in the BCS era would have been more chaotic, due to the absence of the at-large bid in the Orange Bowl and the greater unevenness between conferences. Also, some of the stronger non-AQ schools (ie Utah and TCU) have since made their way into Power 5 conferences. Thus, we could have expected more bowl games (and more teams) to have been relevant to determining the national title game match-up.

Yet Another College Football Realignment Scheme: The 1991 Scenario

I have already posted multiple college football realignment proposals, but constantly come up with more, so here I am yet again. This proposal returns to the 8 10-team conference concept I've visited before. In this case, I've drawn heavily on the actual alignment scheme from the 1991 season, with a few modifications. I've chosen 1991 for a few reasons: 1) this was the first year that the Big East sponsored football; 2) this was the last year before the SEC expanded and split into divisions; 3) Penn State had not yet joined the Big Ten; and 4) the Southwest Conference still existed. 

Here's what I've come up with:

Big Ten
Ohio State, Michigan, Michigan State, Indiana, Purdue, Illinois, Northwestern, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa

SEC
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Auburn, Kentucky, Tennessee, Vanderbilt, Ole Miss, Mississippi State, LSU

Pac-10
Washington, Washington State, Oregon, Oregon State, California, Stanford, UCLA, USC, Arizona, Arizona State

These three conferences would all just be their alignments exactly as they were in 1991.

SWC
Texas, Texas A&M, Texas Tech, Baylor, TCU, SMU, Rice, Houston, Arkansas, Tulane

The reborn Southwest Conference would consist of the 9 teams it had in 1991, along with one newcomer: Tulane. Tulane seems like a reasonable pick here. Geographically, Louisiana borders on both Arkansas and Texas, and adding Tulane would bring both the New Orleans media market and the state's recruiting territory more into the fold. Tulane is a private school like 4 existing SWC schools (Baylor, TCU, SMU, and Rice), and the school was cited as a potential expansion pick for the SWC at the end of it's existence. Lastly, Tulane does have an SEC pedigree, having been a founding member.

ACC
Maryland, Virginia, UNC, NC State, Duke, Wake Forest, Clemson, South Carolina, Georgia Tech, Florida State

The ACC would consist of the eight schools here in 1991, with two additions to get it to 10. Florida State is an obvious choice here, since they joined the ACC the following year anyway. South Carolina rejoins the ACC in this scenario, where it was a founding member, instead of joining the SEC. This restores the Clemson-South Carolina rivalry as a conference game.

Big Eight
Iowa State, Missouri, Nebraska, Kansas, Kansas State, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State, Colorado, Utah, BYU

This one was slightly more challenging, as the Big Eight obviously had only 8 teams in 1991. Utah and BYU are the additions here. While this does expand the Big Eight's footprint, Utah does border on Colorado so it's not a huge deal. Utah currently plays in the Pac-12 with Colorado, and since the Pac-10 already has 10 schools this is only other logical place to put them. Adding BYU with Utah allows that rivalry to become a conference game. It's also worth noting that BYU was mentioned as a possible school to the join the Big 12 during the Big Eight/SWC merger talks.

Big East
Boston College, Syracuse, Rutgers, Temple, Penn State, Pittsburgh, West Virginia, Virginia Tech, Miami, Notre Dame

This version of the Big East consists of the founding football members from 1991, plus two additions: Penn State and Notre Dame. Penn State fits well here both geographically and in terms of potential rivalry games, especially since they're locked out of the Big Ten in this scenario. As I've previously mentioned, Penn State missed admission to the Big East during the 1980s by one vote. Notre Dame also works well, as they are another strong independent program, similar in profile to Miami and Penn State pre-1991. Also worth noting that Notre Dame was a Big East member in all sports except football for quite a while. These two additions make this conference much stronger and more viable than the actual Big East was in practice.

American
Army, Navy, UCF, USF, Cincinnati, Louisville, Memphis, Air Force, Boise State, San Diego State

This is the one conference I had to make up from scratch, as no such alignment remotely existed in 1991. These are some of the strongest Group of 5 schools currently. Five schools here currently play in the American (Navy, UCF, USF, Cincinnati, and Memphis), while Louisville was a founding member before joining the ACC the following year. Joining Navy here are the other two service academies. Boise State and San Diego State were two of the schools the Big East tried to recruit as it was collapsing and transitioning to the American. Despite having only one current Power 5 school, this conference had 6 different schools finish in the final AP top 25 in 2019.

In terms of the postseason bowls, this proposal would use the same regional structure as my previous eight 10-team conference alignment, with the following conferences corresponding to each region's bowls:

West: Pac-10 vs. Big Ten
Southwest: SWC vs. Big Eight
Southeast: SEC vs. ACC
East: Big East vs American

One difference here is that I would use a similar playoff structure as I proposed for the 96-team alignment. So the quarterfinals would be:

Rose Bowl: Pac-10 vs. Big Ten
Cotton Bowl: SWC vs. Big Eight
Sugar Bowl: SEC vs. ACC
Orange Bowl: Big East vs American

As before, the Rose and Cotton Bowl winners would play in the Fiesta Bowl, and the Sugar and Orange winners would play in the Peach Bowl. The Fiesta and Peach winners would play in the national championship game.

Because the Fiesta and Peach Bowls are serving as semifinals, the Las Vegas and Independence Bowls replace them in their respective regions. Also, with the Rose, Cotton, Sugar and Orange Bowls serving as quarterfinals, the fifth place team in each conference would not get a bowl berth in this scenario.


A Modification to My Radical Realignment Scheme

Earlier this year, I published what I termed a "radical" realignment scheme for college football, consisting of 16 6-team conferences that would play double-round robin conference schedules. At the time, I mentioned that the postseason could simply be a seeded, 16-team "March Madness"-style playoff tournament consisting of the conference champions. However, I realize that a different approach may actually prove even more interesting.

Each of the 16 6-team conferences can easily be paired with another to form a two-division, 12-team conference. Here's what that would look like:

Pacific 12 Conference
North Division: Washington, Washington State, Oregon, Oregon State, Utah, BYU
South Division: Stanford, Cal, UCLA, USC, Arizona, Arizona State

Mountain West Conference
West Division: Hawaii, San Jose State, Fresno State, San Diego State, Nevada, UNLV
Mountain Division: Boise State, Utah State, Wyoming, Colorado State, Air Force, New Mexico

Big 12 Conference
North Division: Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas, Kansas State, Missouri, Arkansas
South Division: Oklahoma, Oklahoma State, Texas, Texas A&M, Texas Tech, Houston

Big Ten Conference
West Division: Minnesota, Iowa, Iowa State, Wisconsin, Northwestern, Illinois
East Division: Purdue, Indiana, Notre Dame, Michigan, Michigan State, Ohio State

Big East Conference
West Division: Syracuse, Boston College, Pitt, Penn State, West Virginia, Maryland
East Division: UConn, UMass, Army, Rutgers, Temple, Navy

Atlantic Coast Conference
North Division: Virginia, Virginia Tech, UNC, NC State, Duke, Wake Forest
South Division: Clemson, South Carolina, Georgia Tech, Florida State, Florida, Miami

Southeastern Conference
South Division: LSU, Ole Miss, Mississippi State, Alabama, Auburn, Georgia
North Division: Cincinnati, Louisville, Memphis, Kentucky, Vanderbilt, Tennessee

American Athletic Conference
East Division: Appalachian State, East Carolina, Central Florida, South Florida, FAU, FIU
West Division: Tulsa, TCU, Baylor, Rice, SMU, Tulane

Under this modified proposal, each division would still play a double-round robin regular season schedule. The winner of each division would play each other for the conference championship. The winners of each conference championship would advance to the playoff quarterfinals, with set bowl match-ups against another conference champion, as follows:

Rose Bowl: Pac-12 vs Big Ten
Cotton Bowl: Mountain West vs American
Sugar Bowl: SEC vs Big 12
Orange Bowl: ACC vs Big East

The semifinals would pit the Rose and Cotton Bowl winners against each other in the Fiesta Bowl, while the Sugar and Orange Bowl winners would play in the Peach Bowl. The winners of the Fiesta and Peach Bowls would then play each other for the national championship.

In addition to the playoff bowls, each conference would send three other teams to bowl games, for a total of 32 bowl berths among the 96 teams in this proposal. The conference championship losers would play in the following bowl games:

Holiday Bowl: Pac-12 vs Big Ten
Bluebonnet Bowl: Mountain West vs American
Liberty Bowl: SEC vs Big 12
Citrus Bowl: ACC vs Big East

The runners-up in each division per conference would play each other in a play-in game for the next set of bowls:

Aloha Bowl: Pac-12 vs Big Ten
Sun Bowl: Mountain West vs American
All-American Bowl: SEC vs Big 12
Gator Bowl: ACC vs Big East

Finally, the third place finishers in each division would also play each other for the spots in this set of bowls:

Las Vegas Bowl: Pac-12 vs Big Ten
Alamo Bowl: Mountain West vs American
Independence Bowl: SEC vs Big 12
Hall of Fame Bowl: ACC vs Big East